ATP testing is a scientific method used to measure how clean a surface is by detecting adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—a molecule found in all organic material. The presence of ATP signals biological residue; lower ATP levels indicate a cleaner, more hygienic surface. Inspectors perform ATP testing by: Swabbing a high‑touch surface Inserting the swab into a vial containing a special enzyme Placing the vial into a handheld device called a luminometer If any ATP is present, the enzyme reacts and produces a small amount of light. The luminometer measures that light and provides an ATP reading: Low reading → minimal organic residue; the surface is considered hygienically clean High reading → significant residue; the surface was not adequately cleaned ATP testing offers an objective, scientific verification of cleanliness—something a visual inspection alone cannot provide. This is the same technology used in hospitals and the food safety industry to confirm sanitation standards.
Last verified: 2/23/2026
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